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https://hdl.handle.net/11147/4382
Title: | Exposure and risk estimates for Arizona drinking water | Authors: | Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil Lebowitz, Michael D. O'Rouke, Mary Kay Robertson, Gary L Dellarco, Michael Moschandreas, Demetrios J. |
Keywords: | Water-supply Drinking water Volatile organic chemicals Volatile organic compounds |
Publisher: | John Wiley and Sons Inc. | Source: | Sofuoğlu, S.C., Moschandreas, D.J., Lebowitz, M.D., O’Rourke, M.K., and Robinson, G.L (2003). Exposure and risk estimates for Arizona drinking water. Journal of American Water Works Association, 95 (7), 67-79. | Abstract: | As part of the National Human Exposure Assessment Survey, a multistage sampling was used to estimate and compare exposures and risks associated with drinking water for two groups - the population of Arizona and that of border communities. There had been some concern that the border communities' exposures would be higher than those of other parts of the state because of their proximity to Mexico, where environmental quality may not be as high a priority as it is in the United States. The two study populations were further categorized by gender, age, ethnicity, education, income, and building structure type and year of construction. For these subgroups, the study estimated and compared risks for arsenic, 1,3-butadiene, chloroform, chromium, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, lead, nickel, and toluene. For almost all of the sample subjects, residue concentrations were below the drinking water guideline values of both Arizona and the US Environmental Protection Agency. Of the metals studied, arsenic was the only one with a population carcinogenic risk above the acceptable level of 1.0E-6. Contrary to expressed concerns, average daily exposures and associated risks were estimated to be smaller in the border communities than in the Arizona population. For utilities, one finding deserving further study was that risks from tap water were estimated to be greater than risks from nontap water. Further research may be warranted to uncover the causes for these elevated risks. | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/11147/4382 | ISSN: | 15518833 0003150X |
Appears in Collections: | Chemical Engineering / Kimya Mühendisliği Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / WoS Indexed Publications Collection |
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