Characterization of selected Beylikler Period mortars and processing of new intervention mortars for restoration purposes

Abstract

In this study, Saruhanlı Emirates period mortars collected from Manisa Çukur Hamam (Bath) and Manisa Hacet Mescidi (Mosque) in Western Turkey were characterized, and the results of characterization tests were used for production of new compatible mortars, which would then be used for conservation of the buildings. For this purpose, physical, mineralogical and chemical compositions of the mortars were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDS, TGA and chemical analysis. The results indicated that the mortars were hydraulic and were produced by the use of pozzolanic aggregates. The use of hydraulic lime mortars can be related to the structural requirements of these buildings. The binder aggregate ratio of mortar samples were in the range of 1:2-1:4. Aggregate particle sizes that are grater than the 1180 .m composed the largest sizes of the total aggregates and aggregates were composed of quartz, albite and anorthite. Lime aggregate ratios (L/Ag) of the produced intervention mortars were in the range of 1:6- 1:1. Standard sand was used as aggregate. The pozzolanic additive was commercial clay, which was heat treated between 25 and 1000oC. It was found that the addition of K-244 clay which was heat-treated above 600oC improved compressive strengths of the mortars.