Materials Science and Engineering / Malzeme Bilimi ve Mühendisliği

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Tarihi yapılarda malzeme bozulmasının sınıflandırılması ve sorunların saptanmasına yönelik bir yöntem araştırılması
(TÜBİTAK - Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, 2003) İpekoğlu, Başak; Böke, Hasan; Hamamcıoğlu Turan, Mine; Akkurt, Sedat; Çizer, Özlem; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 02.01. Department of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology; 02. Faculty of Architecture
Tarihi yapıların özgün malzemelerinin olabildiğince korunması ve onların onarımlarında kullanılacak yeni malzemelerin özgün malzeme özellikleri dikkate alınarak belirlenmesi koruma çalışmalarının temel ilkelerindendir. Bu doğrultuda bu araştırmanın amacı, tarihi yapılardaki özgün malzemelerin korunabilmesi için gerekli olan çalışma etaplarını sistematik olarak örneklemektir. Çalışma kapsamında, seçilen tarihi bir yapıda malzeme çeşitlilikleri, bozulma çeşitlilikleri, malzemelerin fiziksel, mineralojik, yapısal ve kimyasal özellikleri belirlenmiş, meteorolojik verilerle bozulmaların ilişkisi araştırılmış ve koruma müdahaleleri için temel bilgiler oluşturulmuştur. Yapıda kullanılan malzemeler, malzeme bozulmaları ve yoğunluktan yapıya ait çizimler üzerinde belirtilmiştir. Yapıdan toplanan özgün malzeme örneklerinin fiziksel özellikleri (yoğunluk ve gözeneklilik); içerdikleri çözünen tuz oranlan, harç ve sıvalarda ham madde oranları tespit edilmiştir. Örneklerin mineralojik, yapısal ve kimyasal özellikleri, Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM Scanning Electron Microscope) ve X ışınlan kırınım (X-Ray Diffraction) cihazı kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Her tarihi yapı, kendine özgü malzemeler ve sorunlar içermekle beraber özgün malzemelerin korunmasına yönelik çalışmalann belli etaplan izlemesi gerekir. Bu araştırma kapsamında ele alınan ve her tarihi yapıda uygulanabilecek çalışma etaplan; arazide yapı üzerinde gerçekleştirilecek çalışmalar, laboratuvar çalışmalan ve meteorolojik verilerin incelenmesi olarak üç başlık halinde önerilmiştir. Araştırma özelinde ele alınan tarihi yapının inşasında kayrak taşı, tuğla ve kireç harcı kullanılmıştır. Duvar yüzeylerinde kireç sıva, üst yapıda ise horasan sıva kaplama malzemesidir. Çalışma kapsamında yapılan incelemeler sonucunda, malzemelerde gözlenen bozulmalanmn ana kaynağının nem olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bozulmaların fazla olduğu bölgelerdeki malzemelerin, bozulmaların daha az olduğu bölgelerdeki malzemelere göre yoğunluklan düşük, gözeneklilikleri daha yüksek, içerdikleri çözünen tuz miktarlan fazladır. Yerden yükselen nem ve üst yapının tahrip olması nedeniyle yapının zeminden ortalama l m. yükseklikte ve üst bölümlerinde bulunan malzemelerde gözlenen bozulmalar daha yoğundur. Bu nedenle çevre drenajının yapılması ve üst yapıda gerekli onarını müdahalelerinin gerçekleştirilmesi birinci dereceden önem taşımaktadır. Bu temel müdahaleler yanı sıra onarım malzemeleri olarak seçilecek yeni kayrak taşlan ve tuğlaların nem ve sıcaklık değişimlerinde özgün malzemelerle benzer davranışı gösterecek temel fiziksel özelliklere sahip olması gerekmektedir. Özgün kireç harç ve sıvalann onanmında bunlann kompozisyonuna benzer kireç harç ve sıvalar kullanılmalıdır. Türkiye'de tarihi yapıların korunması konusunda yapılan çalışmalar, onların mimari özelliklerinin korunmasını içermektedir. Ancak, yapılarda kullanılan malzemelerin özellikleri, bozulma sorunlarının belirlenmesi ve bunlann değerlendirilmesi sonucu yapılacak müdahaleler ve müdahalelerde kullanılacak malzemelerin özellikleri konusunda çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmemektedir. Bu nedenle tarihi yapılara bilinçsizce müdahaleler yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, tarihi yapılarda Özgün malzemelerin korunmasının önemini vurgulaması ve konuyla ilgili çalışma etaplannı göstermesi açısından önem taşımaktadır.
Microstructure-Performance Relation in Pmma-Based Open-Cell Porous Materials for High Pressure Ceramic Sanitaryware Casting
(Trans Tech Publications, 2004) Ergün, Yelda; Dirier, C.; Yılmaz, M.; Tokman, C.; Tanoğlu, Metin; 03.10. Department of Mechanical Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
The ceramic whiteware/sanitaryware industry is rapidly undergoing to implement high-pressure casting techniques for ceramic article production. In these techniques, materials with open pore microstructure that allows drainage of water under applied pressure are needed. The polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based polymeric porous materials have become the most suitable type of materials for this purpose because of their short casting periods and high service lives. However, the superior service life and performance of these materials are closely related to the microstructure. In the present study, the porous materials with various compositions of the constituents in the emulsion were produced to effect the microstructure of PMMA-based materials. The variations on the pore microstructure were interrelated to the performance of the material for high-pressure sanitaryware casting. The pore morphology and water permeability of the samples was measured using optical and SEM microscopy and permeability measurement techniques, respectively. The compressive collapse stress and modulus values were determined by performing compression testing. The results showed a significant interrelation between microstructure and the performance of the PMMA-based ceramic mould materials.
Citation - WoS: 50
Citation - Scopus: 64
Modeling of Asymmetric Membrane Formation by Dry-Casting Method
(Elsevier Ltd., 2004-02) Alsoy Altınkaya, Sacide; Özbaş, Bülent; 03.02. Department of Chemical Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Many polymeric membranes are produced by phase inversion technique invented by Loeb and Sourirajan in 1962. The dry-casting method is one of the major phase inversion techniques in which a homogeneous polymer solution consisting of solvent(s) and nonsolvent(s) is cast on a support and then evaporation of the casting solution takes place under convective conditions. In this paper, we model membrane formation by the dry-casting method. The model takes into account film shrinkage, evaporative cooling, coupled heat, and mass transfer and incorporates practical and reliable diffusion theory as well as complex boundary conditions especially at the polymer solution/air interface. The predictions from the model provide composition paths, temperature, and thickness of the solution. By plotting the composition paths on the ternary phase diagram, we ascertain the general structural characteristics of the membranes prepared from particular casting conditions. The predictive ability of the model was evaluated by comparing the results with the experimental data obtained from gravimetric measurements for cellulose acetate (CA)-acetone-water system. In an attempt to illustrate the importance of diffusion formalism on the predictions, recently proposed multicomponent diffusion theory and its simplified forms were utilized in the model. The computational results show that the critical factor for capturing the accurate behavior of membrane formation is the diffusion formalism utilized in the model
Citation - WoS: 262
Palladium Nanoparticles by Electrospinning From Poly(acrylonitrile-Co Acid)-Pdcl2 Solutions. Relations Between Preparation Conditions, Particle Size, and Catalytic Activity
(American Chemical Society, 2004-03) Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Gülgün, Mehmet A.; Menceloğlu, Yusuf Z.; Erman, Burak; Abramchuk, Sergei S.; Makhaeva, Elena E.; Khokhlov, Alexei R.; Matveeva, Valentina G.; Sulman, Mikhail G.; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Catalytic palladium (Pd) nanoparticles on electrospun copolymers of acrylonitrile and acrylic acid (PAN-AA) mats were produced via reduction of PdCl2 with hydrazine. Fiber mats were electrospun from homogeneous solutions of PAN-AA and PdCl2 in dimethylformamide (DMF). Pd cations were reduced to Pd metals when fiber mats were treated in an aqueous hydrazine solution at room temperature. Pd atoms nucleate and form small crystallites whose sizes were estimated from the peak broadening of X-ray diffraction peaks. Two to four crystallites adhere together and form agglomerates. Agglomerate sizes and fiber diameters were determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Spherical Pd nanoparticles were dispersed homogeneously on the electrospun nanofibers, The effects of copolymer composition and amount of PdCl2 on particle size were investigated. Pd particle size mainly depends on the amount of acrylic acid functional groups and PdCl2 concentration in the spinning solution. Increasing acrylic acid concentration on polymer chains leads to larger Pd nanoparticles. In addition, Pd particle size becomes larger with increasing PdCl2 concentration in the spinning solution. Hence, it is possible to tune the number density and the size of metal nanoparticles. The catalytic activity of the Pd nanoparticles in electrospun mats was determined by selective hydrogenation of dehydrolinalool (3,7-dimethyloct-6-ene-l-yne-3-ol, DHL) in toluene at 90°C. Electrospun fibers with Pd particles have 4.5 times higher catalytic activity than the current PoVAl2O3 catalyst.
Frit fırını refrakterlerinin izotermal korozyon testi
(2007) Akkurt, Sedat; Balıkoğlu, Fatih; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Proje kapsamında değişik sanayi kuruluşlarından refrakter numuneleri temin edilmiş ve bu numuneler SEM, EDX, XRD, Optik mikroskop ve mekanik test cihazı ile karakterize edilmişlerdir. Korozyon testlerinde kullanmak amacıyla alümina ve zirkonya krozeler imal edilmiştir. 15x15x115mm ebatlarında kesilen refrakter numuneler 1750o C kapasiteli dikey boru fırının sıcak bölgesinde bulunan ve içinde erimiş frit bulunan kroze üzerine sarkıtılmıştır. Frit eriyiği içinde önceden belirlenen sürelerde yarı daldırılmış durumda bekletilen numuneler fırının soğumasını takiben dikine dilimlenerek oransal alan kayıpları ölçülmüş ve korozyon miktarı belirlenmiştir. Testler hem opak ve hemde transparan frit ile yapılmıştır. Test düzeneği ayrıca refrakter numunelerin frit eriyiği içinde kısmen daldırılarak ve döndürülecek şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Refrakterlerin korozyon direnç ölçümleri öncelikle statik deneyler yapılarak incelenmiştir. Refrakter numunelere ilk olarak ön testler yapılarak sıcaklık, zaman parametreleri için çalışma aralığı öngörülmüştür. Refrakterlerin korozyon sonrası mikroyapıları postmortem incelemeleri için optik mikroskop, SEM ve XRD ile incelenmiştir. Sayısal korozyon verileri full faktöriyel dizayn kullanılarak planlanıp istatistiksel analize tabi tutularak ANOVA tablosu hazırlanmıştır. Dinamik testler ile frit fırınlarında eriyik akışına maruz kalan refrakterlerin korozyon davranışları gözlenmiştir. Mulitik tuğlaların andaluzit esaslı tuğlalara göre daha iyi performans gösterdikleri. Her iki alüminosilikat tuğlada da ZnO.Al2O3 fazının frit-tuğla arayüzeyinde çökeldiği gözlenmiştir.
Citation - WoS: 69
In-Situ Bulk Polymerization of Dilute Particle/Mma Dispersions
(American Chemical Society, 2007-06) Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Castignolles, Patrice; Akbey, Ümit; Wegner, Gerhard; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Composites of poly(methyl methacrylate) and various nanoscale inorganic particles (zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and aluminum nitride) were prepared by in-situ bulk polymerization using 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) as initiator. The particles of ZnO, TiO 2, and ZrO2 were surface-modified by alkylphosphonic acids to render them dispersible in the monomer. The effect of these nanoparticles on the free radical polymerization was investigated. Regardless of chemical nature and size, the particles suppress the autoacceleration which would otherwise occur in the bulk free-radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). A degenerative chain transfer is proposed to take place between surface-adsorbed water on the particles and propagating chain radicals. This reaction competes with normal termination. Formation of vinylidene chains ends originating from disproportionation is suppressed. In consequence, thermal stability of PMMA produced in the presence of particles is improved. Aggregation of individual particles upon polymerization has been observed and presumably is due to interparticle depletion attraction, even though the particles are individually dispersed in the monomer. Formation of particle clusters is suppressed when a difunctional monomer (e.g., ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) is used as comonomer. The cross-linked medium slows down the diffusion of the particles and therefore interferes with particle aggregation via a depletion mechanism.
Citation - WoS: 23
Citation - Scopus: 23
Use of Polyethylene Glycol Coatings for Optical Fibre Humidity Sensing
(Springer Verlag, 2008-03) Açıkgöz, Sabriye; Bilen, Bukem; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Menceloğlu, Yusuf Z.; Skarlatos, Yani; Aktaş, Gülen; İnci, Mehmet N.; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Humidity induced change in the refractive index and thickness of the polyethylene glycol (PEG) coatings are in situ investigated for a range from 10 to 95%, using an optical waveguide spectroscopic technique. It is experimentally demonstrated that, upon humidity change, the optical and swelling characteristics of the PEG coatings can be employed to build a plastic fibre optic humidity sensor. The sensing mechanism is based on the humidity induced change in the refractive index of the PEG film, which is directly coated onto a polished segment of a plastic optical fibre with dip-coating method. It is observed that PEG, which is a highly hydrophilic material, shows no monotonic linear response to humidity but gives different characteristics for various ranges of humidity levels both in index of refraction and in thickness. It undergoes a physical phase change from a semi-crystalline structure to a gel one at around 80% relative humidity. At this phase change point, a drastic decrease occurs in the index of refraction as well as a drastic increase in the swelling of the PEG film. In addition, PEG coatings are hydrogenated in a vacuum chamber. It is observed that the hydrogen has a preventing effect on the humidity induced phase change in PEG coatings. Finally, the possibility of using PEG coatings in construction of a real plastic fibre optic humidity sensor is discussed.
Citation - WoS: 72
Citation - Scopus: 72
Toward Transparent Nanocomposites Based on Polystyrene Matrix and Pmma-Grafted Ceo 2 Nanoparticles
(American Chemical Society, 2011) Parlak, Onur; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
The association of transparent polymer and nanosized pigment particles offers attractive optical materials for various potential and existing applications. However, the particles embedded into polymers scatter light due to refractive index (RI) mismatch and reduce transparency of the resulting composite material. In this study, optical composites based on polystyrene (PS) matrix and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-grafted CeO 2 hybrid particles were prepared. CeO 2 nanoparticles with an average diameter of 18 ± 8 nm were precipitated by treating Ce(NO 3) ·6H 2O with urea in the presence of a polymerizable surfactant, 3-methacyloxypropyltrimethoxy silane. PMMA chains were grafted on the surface of the nanoparticles upon free radical in situ solution polymerization. While blending of unmodified CeO 2 particles with PS resulted in opaque films, the transparency of the composite films was remarkably enhanced when prepared by PMMA-grafted CeO 2 hybrid particles, particularly those having a PMMA thickness of 9 nm. The improvement in transparency is presumably due to the reduction in RI mismatch between CeO 2 particles and the PS matrix when using PMMA chains at the interface.
Citation - WoS: 34
Citation - Scopus: 34
Surfactant-Assisted Formation of Organophilic Ceo2 Nanoparticles
(Elsevier Ltd., 2012-02-05) Tunusoğlu, Özge; Muñoz-Espí, Rafael; Akbey, Ümit; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
We report a simple one-pot method to prepare organically functionalized CeO 2 nanoparticles by controlled chemical precipitation. The particles were nucleated by mixing aqueous solutions of Ce(NO 3) 3·6H 2O and ammonia at room temperature. Different small organic molecules were chosen as capping agents and injected into the reaction medium at the beginning of the synthesis: 3-(mercaptopropyl) trimethoxy silane (MPS), hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), 3-mercapto propionic acid (3-MPA), and thioglycolic acid (TGA). The resulting nanocrystals were quasi-spherical and had a narrow mean size distribution with an average size smaller than 10nm. Dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced NMR (DNP-NMR) and FTIR measurements suggested a chemical grafting of the surfactant and a homogeneous surface modification. The colloidal stabilities were characterized by dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements. The stabilization by aliphatic groups was tested with a frequently used hydrophobic monomer, methyl methacrylate. According to the results, CTAB is the most effective of the used stabilizing surfactant. The mechanism of formation of the organophilic CeO 2 nanoparticles is discussed.
Citation - WoS: 10
Citation - Scopus: 10
Open Cell Lead Foams: Processing, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties
(Springer Verlag, 2012-04-26) Savacı, Umut; Yılmaz, Sinan; Güden, Mustafa; 03.10. Department of Mechanical Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Open cell lead foams with the porosities between 48 and 74 % were prepared by means of powder metallurgical and casting routes, using ammonium bicarbonate particles, silica beads, and sodium chloride salt particles as space holder. The resulting foam samples structure closely resembled open cell foam structure: each cell had few interconnections with neighboring cells. Small-sized lead (II) fluoride precipitates were microscopically observed in the interior of cells in the foam samples prepared using silica beads as space holder, resulting from the reaction between silica and hydrofluoric acid in the space holder dissolution step. The compression stress–strain curve of foam samples prepared by powder metallurgical route showed brittle deformation behavior following the initial elastic deformation region, while the foam samples prepared by casting route showed characteristic foam deformation behavior: cell edge crushing on the bent cell walls, and cell wall tearing. The collapse stresses, densification strains, and elastic moduli of the prepared foams were further fitted with scaling relations.
Citation - WoS: 64
Citation - Scopus: 67
Hierarchically Structured Metal Oxide/Silica Nanofibers by Colloid Electrospinning
(American Chemical Society, 2012-11) Horzum Polat, Nesrin; Mun˜oz-Espí, Rafael; Glasser, Gunnar; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Landfester, Katharina; Crespy, Daniel; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
We present herein a new concept for the preparation of nanofibrous metal oxides based on the simultaneous electrospinning of metal oxide precursors and silica nanoparticles. Precursor fibers are prepared by electrospinning silica nanoparticles (20 nm in diameter) dispersed in an aqueous solution of poly(acrylic acid) and metal salts. Upon calcination in air, the poly(acrylic acid) matrix is removed, the silica nanoparticles are cemented, and nanocrystalline metal oxide particles of 4-14 nm are nucleated at the surface of the silica nanoparticles. The obtained continuous silica fibers act as a structural framework for metal oxide nanoparticles and show improved mechanical integrity compared to the neat metal oxide fibers. The hierarchically nanostructured materials are promising for catalysis applications, as demonstrated by the successful degradation of a model dye in the presence of the fibers.
Citation - WoS: 58
Citation - Scopus: 69
Foam Glass Processing Using a Polishing Glass Powder Residue
(Elsevier Ltd., 2013) Attila, Yiğit; Güden, Mustafa; Taşdemirci, Alper; 03.10. Department of Mechanical Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
The foaming behavior of a powder residue/waste of a soda-lime window glass polishing facility was investigated at the temperatures between 700 and 950 °C. The results showed that the foaming of the glass powder started at a characteristic temperature between 670 and 680 °C. The maximum volume expansions of the glass powder and the density of the foams varied between 600% and 750% and 0.206 and 0.378 g cm−3, respectively. The expansion of the studied glass powder residue resulted from the decomposition of the organic compounds on the surfaces of the glass powder particles, derived from an oil-based coolant used in the polishing. The collapse stress of the foams ranged between ∼1 and 4 MPa and the thermal conductivity between 0.048 and 0.079 W K−1 m−1. Both the collapse stress and thermal conductivity increased with increasing the foam density. The foams showed the characteristics of the compression deformation of the open cell brittle foams, which was attributed to the relatively thick cell edges.
Citation - WoS: 12
Citation - Scopus: 15
Morphological and Molecular Identification of Pennate Diatoms Isolated From Urla, Izmir, Coast of the Aegean Sea
(TUBITAK, 2013) Kesici, Kutsal; Tüney, İnci; Sukatar, Atakan; Zeren, Doğuş; Güden, Mustafa; 03.10. Department of Mechanical Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Diatoms represent an important class of aquatic phototrophs. They are not only one of the major contributors to global carbon fixation, but also play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of silica. Molecular identification methods based on conserved DNA sequences, such as ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) have revolutionized our knowledge and understanding of conventional taxonomy. In this study, we aimed to compare the conventional identification methods with molecular identification methods. To do so, we isolated four diatom samples from Coast of Urla and characterized them using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) according to morphological features. Then, we amplified ITS regions using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequenced the PCR products and analyzed the sequences using bioinformatic tools. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that the isolated species had high sequence similarity to Pseudo-nitzschia sp., Achnanthes sp., Amphora sp. and Cylindrotheca sp. We believe that molecular identification methods enable rapid and more reliable identification of diatom species and are crucial for monitoring harmful algal blooms.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 4
Electrical Characterizations of Schottky Diodes on Ito Modified by Aromatic Sams
(Polish Academy of Sciences, 2013-02) Havare, A. Kemal; Okur, Salih; Yağmurcukardeş, Nesli; Can, M.; Aydın, H.; Şeker, M.; Demiç, Şerafettin; 04.05. Department of Pyhsics; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
In order to understand the electronic properties of the organic Schottky diode, ITO/TPD/Al and ITO/SAM/ TPD/Al organic Schottky devices were fabricated to obtain currentffvoltage characteristics. From the slopes and y-axis intercepts of the plots, the values of the ideality factor, barrier heights of the ITO/SAM/TPD/Al diode were determined as 2.03 and 0.56 eV, respectively. The surface characterizations of modified and unmodified ITO were performed via atomic force microscopy.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 1
Improvement of Anode/Htl Interface Properties Using Self-Assembled Monolayer in Organic Electronic Devices
(Polish Academy of Sciences, 2013-02) Yaman, M.; Yağmurcukardeş, Nesli; Havare, A. Kemal; Aydın, H.; Ocakoğlu, Kasım; Okur, Salih; 04.05. Department of Pyhsics; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Fabrication and characterization of highly effcient organic light-emitting diode with surface modification of indium tin oxide anodes by using self-assembled monolayer technique have been studied. Four different self-assembled molecules, K-28 ruthenium complex, octadecylamine hydrochloride, octadecyltrichlorosilane and mercaptohexdecanoic acid are used to modify ITO surface to improve the interface properties. Space charge limited currents measurements have been used to evaluate carrier mobility under steady state current. The results show that the surface properties such as the stability of ITO anode layer have significant effects on charge injection in organic light-emitting diode devices.
Amwc 2013: Advanced Materials World Congress (izmir, Turkey, September 16–19, 2013)
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2013-03) Demir, Mustafa Muammer; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Recent decades witnessed an explosion of new materials and new ways to fabricate and use naturally occurring and engineered materials. Scientists and engineers from various fields refer to this development to understand materials structure fundamentally and accordingly material properties and function. Currently, it is crucial to provide a global platform for researchers and engineers from both academia and industry to present their research results and activities with a special attention from an interdisciplinary aspect of advanced materials.
Citation - WoS: 109
Citation - Scopus: 124
Chitosan Fiber-Supported Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles as a Novel Sorbent for Sequestration of Inorganic Arsenic
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013-06) Horzum Polat, Nesrin; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Nairat, Muath; Shahwan, Talal; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
This study proposes a new sorbent for the removal of inorganic arsenic from aqueous solutions. Monodispersed nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles were nucleated at the surface of electrospun chitosan fibers (average fiber diameter of 195 ± 50 nm) by liquid phase reduction of FeCl3 using NaBH4. The material was characterized using SEM, TGA, XPS, XRD, and FTIR. The diameter of iron nanoparticles was found to vary between 75-100 nm. A set of batch experiments were carried out to elucidate the efficiency of the composite sorbent toward fixation of arsenite and arsenate ions. The ion concentrations in the supernatant solutions were determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results revealed that the chitosan fiber supported nZVI particles is an excellent sorbent material for inorganic arsenic uptake at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 5.00 mg L -1 over a wide range of pH values. Based on XPS analysis, As(iii) was found to undergo oxidation to As(v) upon sorption, while As(v) retained its oxidation state. By virtue of the successful combination of the electrospun fibers' mechanical integrity and the large reactivity of dispersed nZVI particles, the applicability of the resulting sorbent material in arsenic sorption holds broad promise.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 6
Hierarchial Coassembly of a Cyanine Dye in Poly(vinyl Alcohol) Fibrous Films by Electrospinning
(American Chemical Society, 2013-09) Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Horzum, Nesrin; Özen, Bengisu; Özçelik, Serdar; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
We report molecular aggregate formation of TTBC (1,1′,3,3′- tetraethyl-5,5′,6,6′-tetrachlorobenzimidazolocarbocyanine) in submicrometer-sized PVA (poly(vinyl alcohol)) fibers by electrospinning. The formation of the molecular aggregate is examined by solution and instrumental parameters of electrospinning. The precursor solution of PVA/TTBC, in the range of 0.016-0.065 wt % is subjected to electrospinning under an electrical field ranging from 0.95 to 1.81 kV cm-1. Both randomly deposited and uniaxially aligned fibers are achieved by using two parallel-positioned metal strips as counter electrode. Photoluminescence and polarized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies are employed to determine spectral properties of the fibers. H-aggregates are formed within the electrospun fibers, regardless of their alignment, and H- and J-type aggregates coexist in the alternative spin-coated and the cast films. A strongly polarized photoluminescence emission is observed in the direction of uniaxially aligned fibers as a result of the orientation of the H-aggregates along the fiber axis. We demonstrate that electrospinning is a process capable of forming and orienting TTBC aggregates during the structural development of the polymer/dye nanofibers. These fibrous films may potentially find applications in optics and electronics.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 6
Tailored Ceo2 Nanoparticles Surface in Free Radical Bulk Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate
(American Chemical Society, 2013-09) Tunusoğlu, Özge; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Polymerization of monomer/nanoparticle dispersion, namely in situ polymerization, has been frequently used for the fabrication of polymer nanocomposites. However, the interference of nanoparticle surface with polymerization in the course of composite formation has been tacitly neglected. In this work, surface-functionalized ceria nanoparticles were prepared using various capping agents: 3-(mercaptopropyl) trimethoxy silane, thioglycolic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, and hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. Both in situ and ex situ approaches were applied for surface functionalization. The particles were dispersed into methyl methacrylate and free radical polymerization was carried out. The process of nanocomposite formation was examined in terms of conversion, molecular weight, and molecular weight distribution. The polymerization responded merely to the in situ functionalized particles. Regardless of the capping agents used, the particles function as a retarder and inhibitor. Their interaction with polymerization medium showed many complexities such that molecular weight was found to be strongly dependent on the capping agent employed.
Citation - WoS: 7
Citation - Scopus: 8
Comparison of Electron and Phonon Transport in Disordered Semiconductor Carbon Nanotubes
(Springer Verlag, 2013-12) Sevinçli, Haldun; Lehmann, T.; Ryndyk, D. A.; Cuniberti, G.; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
Charge and thermal conductivities are the most important parameters of carbon nanomaterials as candidates for future electronics. In this paper we address the effects of Anderson type disorder in long semiconductor carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to electron charge conductivity and lattice thermal conductivity using the atomistic Green function approach. The electron and phonon transmissions are analyzed as a function of the length of the disordered nanostructures. The thermal conductance as a function of temperature is calculated for different lengths. Analysis of the transmission probabilities as a function of length of the disordered device shows that both electrons and phonons with different energies display different transport regimes, i.e. quasi-ballistic, diffusive and localization regimes coexist. In the light of the results we discuss heating of the semiconductor device in electronic applications. Disordered nanostructures; Disordered semiconductors; Electron and phonon transports; Electronic application