Chemical Engineering / Kimya Mühendisliği

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/14

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 119

Advances in Nanocomposite Membranes for CO2 Removal
(Elsevier, 2024) Marpani,F.; Othman,N.H.; Alias,N.H.; Mat Shayuti,M.S.; Alsoy Altınkaya, Sacide
Nanocomposite membranes have emerged as a promising solution for efficient carbon dioxide (CO2) removal in gas separation processes. These membranes combine polymeric matrices with inorganic nanofillers to synergize the excellent separation performance of inorganic materials with the mechanical stability of polymers. The choice of nanofillers, such as porous and nonporous materials, significantly influences the gas permeability and selectivity of the resulting nanocomposite membranes. Porous fillers with interstitial channels and large surface areas are found to selectively adsorb CO2, enhancing membrane separation performance. On the other hand, nonporous fillers alter the polymer chain orientation, influencing gas separation differently. The 1D, 2D, and 3D morphologies of nanofillers offer unique properties in terms of surface-to-volume ratio, permeability, and selectivity. The fabrication of nanocomposite membranes also plays a crucial role, and advances in materials and manufacturing techniques have enabled the design of high-performing membranes. Asymmetric and symmetric configurations have been explored to optimize separation efficiency. Nevertheless, challenges such as aging, compaction, and swelling need to be addressed to ensure the long-term stability of nanocomposite membranes. Future research should focus on developing advanced theoretical models to better predict gas permeation behaviors in these membranes. Overall, nanocomposite membranes offer a promising avenue for efficient CO2 removal, contributing to sustainable environmental practices and energy production. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 5
Aluminium-Coated Polymer Films as Infrared Light Shields for Food Packing
(Apple Academic Press, 2014) Hamrang, Abbas; Balköse, Devrim; Zaikov, Gennadij Efremovich; Haghi, A. K.
This book covers a broad range of polymeric materials and provides industry professionals and researchers in polymer science and technology with a single, comprehensive book summarizing all aspects involved in the functional materials production chain. This volume presents the latest developments and trends in advanced polymer materials and structures. It discusses the developments of advanced polymers and respective tools to characterize and predict the material properties and behavior. This book has an important role in advancing polymer materials in macro and nanoscale. Its aim is to provide original, theoretical, and important experimental results that use non-routine methodologies. It also includes chapters on novel applications of more familiar experimental techniques and analyses of composite problems that indicate the need for new experimental approaches. This new book: • Provides a collection of articles that highlight some important areas of current interest in key polymeric materials and technology. • Gives an up-to-date and thorough exposition of the present state of the art of key polymeric materials and technology. • Describes the types of techniques now available to the engineers and technicians and discusses their capabilities, limitations, and applications. • Provides a balance between materials science and chemical aspects, basic and applied research. • Focuses on topics with more advanced methods. • Emphasizes precise mathematical development and actual experimental details. • Explains modification methods for changing of different materials properties. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 4
Citation - Scopus: 4
Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Screening of 19 Commercial Essential Oils in Turkey
(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2009) Bulut, Çisem; Altıok, Evren; Bayraktar, Oğuz; Ülkü, Semra
Plant oils have been used for wide variety purposes for many years in Turkey. These essential oils have usage in many areas such as perfumery, cosmetic, food flavoring and folkloric medicine. In the study, 19 commercial essential oils were studied by means of antibacterial and antioxidant capacity. Antibacterial test was performed against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, K. pneumoniae and E. coli using standard disc diffusion method. Penicillin, gentamicin and vancomycin discs were also included. Inhibition zones (mm) were recorded to indicate antibacterial property. Penicillin (44 mm) and vancomycin (14 mm) could inhibit only S. aureus. Except essential oils of Juniperus nana (Ardiç), Ocimum basilicum (Feslegen), Urtica dioica (Isirgan), Foeniculum vulgare (Rezene) ressential oils indicated antimicrobial activity against some of the test microorganims. The most active essential oil was found as Thymus serpyllum (Kekik). It indicated highest inhibition zones for other microorganisms among others. Antioxidant capacities were measured using photochemiluminescence (PCL) method. The highest antioxidant activity was measured for Dianthus caryophyllus (Karanfil) as 547.781 103 ug trolox/mL of oil. It was followed by Thymus serpyllum (Kekik), Lilium candidum (Zambak) and Matricaria chamomilla (Papatya). Especially, Thymus serpyllum and Dianthus caryophyllus have significant antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity therefore it could be suggested for further investigations and applications.
Bazı ilaç aktif maddelerin farmasötik preparatlarda ve insan serumu gibi biyolojik sıvılarda eletktroanalitik metotlar (Voltametrik ve polarografik teknikler ile tayini
(TÜBİTAK - Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, 2005) Özkan, Sibel; Yılmaz, Selahattin; Uslu, Bengi; Dilgin, Yusuf; Yağmur, Sultan; Süren, Esin; Akgün, Nur
Bu çalışmada, elektroaktif grup içeren bazı ilaçaktif maddelerin camsı karbon disk ve karbon pasta elektrotlarda farklı tampon ortamında voltametrik davranışları araştırıldı. Pik potansiyeline ve pik akımına, konsantrasyonun, pH 'nın tarama hızının etkisi incelendi. Alt tayin sınırı (LOD) ve Kantitatif tayin sınırı (|LOQ) belirlendi. Çalışılan bazı bileşikler için yükseltgenme veya indirgenme mekanizmaları da önerildi. Bu teknikler ile maksimum pik akımının gözlendiği ortamda ilaçaktif maddelerin farmasötik preparatlarda ve serum gibi biyolojik sıvılarda tayini yapıldı. Ayrıca kesinlik ve geri kazanım çalışmaları yapıldı. Bazı etken maddelerin önerilen elektroanalitik teknikler ile yapılan ilaçlardaki miktarı , UV-Spektrofotometrişininki ile karşılaştırıldı. Böylelikle önerilen elektroanalitik metodların doğruluğu ve üstünlüğü araştırıldı.
Bifonksiyonel katalizör ile selülozun sorbitole seçici katalitik hidrotermal elektrolizi
(2019) Yüksel Özşen, Aslı
Dünyadaki enerji ihtiyacının artması, fosil yakıtların tükeniyor olması ve çevresel sorunların endise yaratması gibi sebepler yenilenebilir hammadde olarak biyokütlenin, hem enerji hem de degerli platform kimyasalları kaynagı olarak kullanılmasını son derece önemli kılmıstır. Bu anlamda, lignoselülozik biyokütlenin temel kaynagı olan selülozdan çesitli süreçlerle degerli kimyasalların eldesi sık çalısılan konulardan olmustur. Bu projede katalitik hidrotermal dönüsüm yöntemi ile Ru-SiO2, Ru-SBA15 ve Ru-SBA15/SO3 bifonksiyonel katalizörler varlıgında selülozdan seçici olarak sorbitol eldesi arastırılmıstır. Hedef ürün olarak ülkemizde üretimi olmayan ve pazar payı çok yüksek olan sorbitol seçilmistir. Sorbitol, baslıca yiyecek, ilaç ve kozmetik ürünlerinde ve C vitamini ara ürünü sentezinde katkı maddesi olarak kullanılan en önemli ve popüler seker alkollerinden bir tanesidir. Sorbitol, organik asitler (süksinik asit, itanoik, fumarik asit vb.), polioller (gliserol, sorbitol, ve ksilitol) ve digerleri (örnegin, etanol, biyohidrokarbonlar, furanlar, vb.) gibi endüstriyel açıdan kullanıslı kimyasallara dönüstürülebilen orijinal platform moleküllerinden biri olarak listelenmistir. Sorbitole karsı artmakta olan talep göz önünde bulundurulursa, bu degerli ürünün seçici üretimine yönelik süreç gelistirilmesinin gerekli oldugu görülmektedir. Bu çalısmada, biyokütlenin en temel kaynagı olan selülozdan ülkemizde üretimi olmayan ve pazar payı yüksek olan sorbitol elde edilmesi hedeflenmistir. Bu kapsamda, kritik altı su reaksiyon ortamında hiçbir oksidan ve toksik çözgen kullanmadan yüksek sıcaklık ve basınçta sulu ortamda katalizör varlıgında dogrudan hidroliz gerçeklestirilmistir. Katalizör olarak selülozdan seçici sorbitol eldesinde ne kadar aktif oldugu çesitli çalısmalarla gösterilmis ve yüksek sıcaklıktaki sulu ortamlarda termal dayanıklılıgı yüksek olan Ru-SiO2, Ru-SBA15 ve Ru-SBA15/SO3 katalizörleri kullanılmıstır. Bu proje kapsamında, sentezlenen bifonksiyonel katalizörler için SEM, BET ve FT-IR analizlerini kapsayan katalizör karakterizasyon çalısması yürütülmüstür. Bu analizlerin sonucunda, bu katalizörlerin basarı ile sentezlendigi görülmüstür. Ru-SBA15 ve Ru-SBA15/SO3 katalizörlerleri varlıgında yapılan deneylerde elde edilen sıvı ürünler için yapılan HPLC analizleri sonucunda, HPLC kromotogramında sorbitole ait karakteristik pikinin gözlemlendigi kısımda hafif bir omuz görülmüstür. Fakat integre edilmesi çok dogru olmayacagı için bu gözlemlenen piklere göre sorbitol konsantrasyonu için bir hesaplama yapılmamıstır. Ru-SiO2 katalizörü varlıgında yapılan deneylerde sorbitol eldesi ve selüloz dönüsümü saglanmıstır. En yüksek sorbitol eldesi ve selüloz dönüsümü 2 g Ru-SiO2 katalizörü varlıgında 150 °C?de 2 saat boyunca kritik altı suda yapılan deneylerde elde edilmistir. En yüksek sorbitol eldesi ve selüloz dönüsümü sırasıyla 234.98 ppm ve % 28.64 olarak bulgulanmıstır.
Citation - Scopus: 7
Binder Effect on Electrochemical Performance of Zinc Electrodes for Nickel-Zinc Batteries
(Turkish Chemical Society, 2018) Ebil, Özgenç; Cihanoğlu, Gizem
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used as a zinc electrode binder at different concentrations to enhance the electrochemical behavior of zinc electrodes for nickel-zinc (NiZn) batteries. ZnO powders synthesized by mechanochemical and hydrothermal precipitation methods were mixed with lead oxide, calcium hydroxide and binder to prepare zinc electrodes in pouch cell NiZn batteries. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis reveal that initial morphology of zinc electrode changes drastically regardless of the binder type and its loading after charge/discharge process, and even the charge/discharge process is not complete. The results show that the presence of PEG causes better discharge capacity compared to that of PVA as a binder. Zinc electrode prepared using commercial ZnO powder and 3 wt.% PEG gives the optimum discharge capability, with a specific capacity of approximately 311 mAhg-1, while zinc electrodes prepared using ZnO powder synthesized from ZnCl2 and Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and 6 wt.% PEG exhibit high specific energy of 255 and 275 mAhg-1, respectively. The results suggest a relationship between binder loading and battery capacity, but in-situ analysis of microstructural evolution of zinc electrode during charge/discharge process is needed to confirm this relationship.
Citation - WoS: 9
Citation - Scopus: 10
Biofouling-Resistant Ultrafiltration Membranes Via Codeposition of Dopamine and Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide With Retained Size Selectivity and Water Flux
(American Chemical Society, 2022-08-10) Cihanoğlu, Aydın; Schiffman, Jessica D.; Alsoy Altınkaya, Sacide
Biofouling is a serious problem in ultrafiltration (UF) membrane applications. Modifying the surface of membranes with low molecular weight, commercially available antibacterial chemistries is an excellent strategy to mitigate biofouling. Herein, we report a new strategy to impart antibacterial and anti-biofouling behavior without changing the support membrane’s size selectivity and pure water permeance (PWP). To this end, a strong antibacterial agent, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was codeposited with dopamine onto commercial polyethersulfone (PES) UF membranes in the presence of nitrogen (N2) gas backflow. The PWP and pore size of the support membrane did not change with codeposition, confirming the benefit of N2 backflow in mitigating the solution intrusion phenomenon. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface ζ potentials, and contact angle measurements confirmed the successful codeposition of polydopamine (PDA) and CTAB onto the membrane. Among three different CTAB concentrations systematically investigated, the membrane functionalized with CTAB at the critical micelle concentration (CMC) provided the best anti-biofouling activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and retained its surface ζ potential after being stored in 1 M NaCl (pH = 6.8) for 3 months. Our results demonstrate the potential of using a facile, one-step approach to modify commercial UF membranes without compromising their pore size or flux, while simultaneously endowing antibacterial activity.
Citation - Scopus: 8
Biofuel Production From Nannochloropsis Oculata Microalgae in Seawater Without Harvesting and Dewatering Over Alumina-Silicate Supported Nickel Catalysts
(Elsevier, 2018) Deliismail, Özgün; Özdoğru, Bertan; Şeker, Erol
The aim of this work was to study the production of biofuels from marine Nannochloropsis oculata without harvesting and dewatering over the single step sol-gel made alumina-silicate supported nickel catalysts at 80 °C and 1.0 atm. Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid were used in the sol-gel to study the effect of acid type on catalyst activities. The catalyst made using sulfuric acid resulted in 74% microalgae conversion as compared to the catalysts made with other acids. Treatment of this catalyst with ~35 g of NaCl per kg of water at 80 °C and 1.0 atm for 24 h increased microalgae conversion to 91.5% under the same reaction condition and the bio-fuels ranging from mono/polysaccharides, polyols to esters and fatty acids were produced. This study showed that nickel and 25.1 ?mol/g of total acidity and acidic strength having 130–380 °C of temperature range was necessary to achieve 91.5% conversion. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
Biyolojik-kimyasal reaksiyonların benzetimi için Monte Carlo teknikleri
(TÜBİTAK - Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, 2012) Altınkaya, Mustafa Aziz; İnal, Fikret; Baran, Yusuf
Kimyasal reaksiyonların stokastik modellemesi, reaksiyondaki molekül sayılarının az olduğu durumda, her bir molekülün ne zaman reaksiyona gireceğinin tam olarak belirlenememesi nedeniyle yalnızca makroskopik ölçekte doğru olan gerekirci yönteme göre daha başarılıdır. Gillespie’nin geliştirdiği stokastik benzetim algoritması (SBA) Monte Carlo teknikleriyle sistemdeki bir sonraki reaksiyonun hangi reaksiyon olacağını ve ne zaman gerçekleşeceğini belirlemektedir. Ancak SBA’nın molekül sayıları arttıkça işlem yoğunluğu çok artmaktadır. Bu durumda, sistemdeki her reaksiyonu her molekülün mevcut konsantrasyonunu koruması koşulunu bozmayacak miktarda çok kez ateşleyerek, reaksiyon sistemindeki her molekülün miktarını tau peryodu ile güncelleyen tau-atlama algoritması işlem yoğunluğunu önemli ölçüde azaltmaktadır. Her bir reaksiyon kanalının tau aralığında ateşlenme adedini belirleyen Poisson değişken, reaksiyona girme eğilimi ile tau'nun çarpımı çok büyüdüğünde Gauss gibi davranmaya başlar. Bu durumda reaksiyondaki konsantrasyonları belirleyen stokastik türev denklemi Kimyasal Langevin Denklemi’ne (KLD) karşılık gelir. KLD’deki Gauss sürecin yerine Levy (alfa) - kararlı daha dürtün bir sürecin konması, KLD’nin tanımladığı Brown hareketini Levy uçuşuna dönüştürür. Kimyasal Langevin-Levy Denklemi (KLLD) olarak tanımlanan bu denklem az sayıdaki molekülün bulunduğu biyokimyasal reaksiyonları daha iyi modelleyebilir. Maltozdan glukoz elde edilen bir Michaelis-Menten sistemi ve daha çok reaksiyon içeren laktuloz hidrolizi sırasındaki enzimatik transgalaktosilasyon reaksiyonlarında KLLD’nin SBA ve KLD’ye kıyasla daha fazla gerekirci eğriden sapmaya neden olduğu ancak aynı ortalama davranışın takip edildiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışma biyokimyasal reaksiyon benzetininde KLLD’ye dayalı tau-atlamanın kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.
Biyosentetik hibrit polimerlerin RAFT polimerizasyonu ile üretilmesi ve hücre membranıyla etkileşimlerinin vücut dışında değerlendirilmesi
(2015) Bulmuş Zareie, Esma Volga
Gen terapisi, gen sessizlestirme terapisi, DNA asıları ve kanser kemoterapisi gibi çok sayıda önemli tedavi stratejisinde kullanılan etken maddelerin ve ilaç tasıma sistemlerinin birçogu hücrelerin membranlarından yeterli miktarlarda geçemezler ve tedavi edici aktivitelerini gösteremeden bozunurlar. Bu durum çok sayıda önemli tedavi stratejisinin, klinikte insanlar ve hayvanlar üzerinde uygulanabilen gerçek tedavilere dönüsmesini önemli ölçüde sınırlamaktadır. Önerilen proje ile hücre sitozolüne etken maddelerin tasınmasını kolaylastıracak, endozom ve/veya lisozom membranının yapısal kararlılıgını veya bütünlügünü bozabilen, iyi tanımlanmıs, amino asit, peptit veya lipit içeren biyosentetik hibrit polimerlerin Tersinir Katılma Ayrısma Zincir Transfer (RAFT) polimerizasyon yöntemiyle üretilmesi, bu polimerlerin membran aktivitesinin bilinen ve yeni gelistirilecek olan yöntemlerle karakterize edilmesi ve polimerlerin hücre alımlarının ve hücre-içi dagılımlarının in vitro deneyler ile belirlenmesi amaçlanmıstır. Bu amaçla, molekül agırlıkları iyi kontrol edilmis dar molekül agırlıgı dagılımına sahip arjinin amino asidi, oktaarjinin peptidi, undekanoik asit veya kolesterol içeren metakrilat (ko)polimerleri RAFT polimerizasyonu ile üretilmistir. Üretilen polimerlerin çesitli teknikler ile ayrıntılı olarak fizikokimyasal karakterizasyonu yapıldıktan sonra hücre membranlarıyla etkilesimleri, literatürde bu amaç için yaygın olarak kullanılan hemoliz deneyleriyle ve ayrıca yüzey plazmon rezonans (SPR) kullanılarak yeni gelistirilen bir yöntem ile incelenmistir. Bunlara ek olarak in vitro hücre kültürlerinde, üretilen kopolimerlerin hücre canlılıgına etkileri, hücreler tarafından alımları ve hücre içinde dagılımları belirlenmistir. Tüm deneylerin sonucunda elde edilen bulgular; arjinin veya undekanoik asit içeren polimerlerin hücre canlılıgına belirgin bir etki göstermeden hücre içine alınabildigini, hücre/endozom membranı ile etkilesebildigini ve hücre sitozolüne yayılabildigini göstermistir. Sonuç olarak, potansiyel olarak hücre içine etkili bir sekilde ilaç tasınımı mümkün kılacak polimerler üretilmistir. Böylece çok sayıda potansiyel tedavi stratejisinin gerçek tedavilere dönüsmesine bir adım daha yaklasılmıstır.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 11
Brine Minimization in Desalination of the Geothermal Reinjection Fluid by Pressure-Driven Membrane Separation Processes
(Elsevier, 2022-08-01) Jarma, Yakubu A.; Karaoğlu, Aslı; Senan, Islam Rashad Ahmed; Baba, Alper; Kabay, Nalan
Brine obtained during water treatment by pressure driven membrane processes remains the major drawback. Therefore, it is of paramount important to find a lasting solution in order to minimize its production by both nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. In this study, an experimental study with the aim of brine minimization during membrane desalination of the geothermal reinjection fluid using a mini-pilot scale membrane test system having spiral wound NF and RO membranes was conducted. The membranes employed for this task were TR-NF and BW30-RO membranes. First, studies with different brine to feed ratios of 1:4, 1:3, 1:2 and 2:3 represented as NF-F2, NF-F3, NF-F4 and NF-F5, respectively were investigated using TR-NF membrane. A control study with no brine recirculation was conducted as well in order to check the effect of brine recirculation on the membrane performance. Secondly, studies with BW30-RO membrane using same brine to feed ratios as in the case of NF membrane studies were carried out. An applied pressure of 15 bar, initial water recovery of 60% and 4 h of experimental time were employed as operational conditions for both NF and RO membrane studies. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the brine recirculation (with a brine to fresh feed ratio of 2:3) has a significant impact on the permeate flux. The product water can be utilized for the agricultural irrigation purposes. Nevertheless, the boron concentration in the product water was still high for the sensitive crops.
Calcium Soap Lubricants
(Apple Academic Press, 2015) İzer, Alaz; Kahyaoğlu, Tuğçe Nefise; Balköse, Devrim
The reparation and characterization of calcium stearate (CaSt2) and a lubricant by using calcium stearate were aimed at in this study. Calcium stearate powder was prepared from sodium stearate and calcium chloride by precipitation from aqueous solutions. CaSt2 and the Light Neutral Base oil were mixed together to obtain lubricating oil. It was found that CaSt2 had a melting temperature of 142.8 °C and in base oil it had a lower melting point, above 128 °C. It was dispersed as lamellar micelles as the optical micrographs had shown. From rate of settling the size of dispersed particles were found to be 1.88 ?m and 0.11 ?m for lubricants having 1% and 2% CaSt2, respectively. The friction coefficient and wear scar diameter of base oil 0.099 and 1402 nm were reduced to 0.0730 and 627.61 nm respectively for the lubricant having 1% CaSt2. Lower wear scar diameter (540 nm) was obtained for lubricant with 2% CaSt2. CaSt2 improved the lubricating property of the base oil but did not improve its oxidative and thermal stability. © 2015 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.
Calcium Soap Lubricants
(CRC Press, 2015) İzer, Alaz; Kahyaoğlu, Tuğçe Nefise; Balköse, Devrim
The reparation and characterization of calcium stearate (CaSt2) and a lubricant by using calcium stearate were aimed at in this study. Calcium stearate powder was prepared from sodium stearate and calcium chloride by precipitation from aqueous solutions. CaSt2 and the Light Neutral Base oil were mixed together to obtain lubricating oil. It was found that CaSt2 had a melting temperature of 142.8 °C and in base oil it had a lower melting point, above 128 °C. It was dispersed as lamellar micelles as the optical micrographs had shown. From rate of settling the size of dispersed particles were found to be 1.88 µm and 0.11 µm for lubricants having 1% and 2% CaSt2, respectively. The friction coefficient and wear scar diameter of base oil 0.099 and 1402 nm were reduced to 0.0730 and 627.61 nm respectively for the lubricant having 1% CaSt2. Lower wear scar diameter (540 nm) was obtained for lubricant with 2% CaSt2. CaSt2 improved the lubricating property of the base oil but did not improve its oxidative and thermal stability. © 2015 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.
Citation - Scopus: 3
Characterization of Polysulfone Based Hemodialysis Membranes by Afm
(Elsevier Ltd., 2012) Uz, Metin; Yaşar Mahlıçlı, Filiz; Polat, Mehmet; Alsoy Altınkaya, Sacide
Most of the hemodialysis membrane materials are hydrophobic in nature and allow protein adsorption on the surface easily due to hydrophobic interaction between membrane surface and protein molecules when in contact with blood. Adsorbed proteins can affect platelet and leukocyte adhesion, and modulate the response of plasmatic reactions followed by the activation of different defense systems in blood (Sun et al. 2003).
Citation - Scopus: 2
A Comparative Assessment for Efficient Oleuropein Extraction From Olive Leaf (olea Europaea L. Folium)
(Murat Yakar, 2023) Recepoğlu, Yaşar Kemal; Gümüşbulut, Gülin; Yüksel Özşen, Aslı
Since oleuropein has long been known in the health sector and is abundant directly in our country as the fourth largest olive producer, oleuropein, the predominant phenolic ingredient in olive leaves, was recovered in this study using Soxhlet extraction. The effects of different solvent types (acetonitrile, ethanol, methanol, and water), extraction period (4 cycles, 4 h, and 8 h), particle size (250-500 µm and 900-2000 µm), and pretreatment of olive leaves on the yield of oleuropein were examined to determine the maximum yield. A greater oleuropein yield was obtained when the particle size of olive leaves utilized for extraction was lowered. Furthermore, aqueous solvents revealed a higher yield of oleuropein than pure solvents and prolonging the extraction duration resulted in a significant increase in the amount of oleuropein extracted. On the other hand, pretreatment of olive leaves resulted in a reduction in oleuropein output. As a result, with 36% extraction efficiency in terms of olive leaf conversion, the highest oleuropein extraction yield was obtained as 13.35 mg g-1 dry leaf for 8 h of extraction time using olive leaves with a particle size of 250-500 µm and an 80% methanol solution as solvent. © Author(s) 2023.
Control of the Particle Size and Purity of Nano Zinc Oxide
(Taylor & Francis, 2014) Özmıhçı Ömürlü, Filiz; Balköse, Devrim
Effects of template, mechanical mixing and/or ultrasound mixing on the size of the ZnO crystals obtained by precipitation at 30 °C from aqueous zinc chloride and potassium hydroxide solutions were investigated by 2k factorial design. Precipitation method is employed to synthesize nano zinc oxide particles. Monodisperse nano ZnO having 29 nm particle size was produced by adding triethyl amine and applying simultaneously mechanical and ultrasound mixing. The surface area and the density of the powder were 21 m2/g and 4.8 g/cm3. It contains 5.2% impurities present as CO3-2 and bound OH- groups. Volumetric resistivity was found as 1.3 × 107ohm cm. Absorption spectrum of the powder showed absorption peak at 353 nm. The room temperature fluorescence spectrum of the powder revealed a strong and sharp UV emission band at 391 nm due to free exciton or bound exciton of ZnO and a weak and broad violet emission band at 405 nm due to zinc vacancies.
Controlled Release of Drugs From Tablet Coatings
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2007-08) Alsoy Altınkaya, Sacide
Controlled - release technology for drug delivery applications is designed to target the drug to particular places or cells in the body, to overcome certain tissue and cellular barriers, and to control the duration and level of the drug in the body within a spefi cied therapeutic window. This usually implies achieving a prolonged, zero - order release rate over the desired duration of drug delivery. Controlled - release dosage forms provide sustained drug release and require less frequent drug loading than conventional forms. Thus, the toxic side effects of the drug are minimized and patient ’ s convenience and ompliance are improved.
Cu2+, Zn2+ve Mn2+ ile Yüklenmiş Sitrik Asitle Modifiye Şeker Pancarı Küspesinden Metallerin Çeşitli Sulu Ortamlardaki Salınımları
(Fırat Üniversitesi, 2014) Arslanoğlu, Hasan; Çiçek, Ahmet Uğur; Kuma, Burak Muhammet; Kardaş, Mahmut; Tümen, Fikret
Bu çalışmada, metal iyonlarıyla doygun modifiye şeker pancarı küspesi pH?5’deki çeşitli ortamlar kullanılarak kolonda perkolasyon testlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Modifiye şeker pancarı küspesine bağlanmış olan Cu2+, Zn2+ ve Mn2+ iyonları su ortamına çok düşük seviyelerde; humik asit-Na tuzu, sitrik asit ve EDTA-Na tuzu gibi kompleksleştiricilerin varlığında ise nispeten yüksek miktarlarda salındığı belirlenmiştir. Metal iyonu bağlamış 2.5 g modifiye şeker pancarı küspesi üzerinden 1500 ml sıvı sızdırılarak yapılan testlerde su için en fazla % 18, kompleksleştirici içeren çözeltilerle % 77’ye varan miktarlarda metal iyonu çözelti ortamına salınmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, modifiye şeker pancarı küspesinin sulu ortamlardan, aynı zamanda bitkiler için mikro besin maddesi olan, bakır, çinko ve manganı gidermede kullanıldıktan sonra yavaş çözünen bir mikro gübre olarak değerlendirilebileceği ifade edilebilir.
Citation - Scopus: 1
Data Driven Leak Detection in a Real Heat Exchanger in an Oil Refinery
(Elsevier, 2023) Yasmal, Aslı; Kuşoğlu Kaya, Gizem; Oktay, Emirhan; Çölmekci, Ceylan; Uzunlar, Erdal
This study focuses on implementation of a data-based leak detection method in a heat exchanger in a petroleum refinery. We have studied on the two real leakage cases in a heat exchanger in Izmit TUPRAS Refinery. Leaks are one of the major problems that occur in operations. The autoencoder (AE) method is implemented for leak detection. Reconstruction error is used as the leak indicator. In case of leakage, the reconstruction value is expected to increase. For both cases examined, the reconstruction error is found to be around 1-5 under normal operating conditions. On the other hand, reconstruction error is observed to change between 10 and 60 under the conditions with leakage. Besides, the AE is able to indicate the start of one leakage case before the process engineers noticed it. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
Development of Functional Materials for Sirna Delivery and Neural Tissue Engineering
(AIChE, 2015) Uz, Metin; Alsoy Altınkaya, Sacide; Mallapragada, Surya K.
The current nonviral siRNA delivery systems in the literature face many problems such as, cellular entry, endosomal escape and efficient siRNA release. Considering this motive, we developed gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and temperature/pH responsive pentablock copolymer based siRNA delivery systems to address these problems. The temperature and pH responsive cationic and amphiphilic pentablock copolymers, which were consisted of the temperature responsive Pluronic F127 middle block constructed by PEO-PPO-PEO ((poly(ethyleneoxide)-block-poly(propyleneoxide)-block-poly(ethyleneoxide))) blocks contributing cellular entry through temperature responsive micellization and pH responsive cationic PDEAEM (poly(2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate)) end blocks facilitating nucleic acid condensation and endosomal escape, were used for the first time in the development of polyplex and AuNP based multicomponent siRNA delivery systems (MCSs). The results indicated that systems managed to protect siRNA from external effects, maintain the system stability, facilitate cellular entry and enhance endosomal escape. It was noted that the transfection efficiency of the MCSs, which were boosted by the presence of cleavable disulfide bond, was ~15% higher than the commercial product RNAiMax while the efficacy of polyplexes alone were similar to the RNAiMax.

Browse

Browsing Chemical Engineering / Kimya Mühendisliği by WoS Q "N/A"