Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11147/4595
Title: An exposure and risk assessment for fluoride and trace metals in black tea
Authors: Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil
Kavcar, Pınar
Keywords: Aluminum
Alzheimer's disease
Arsenic
Black tea
Fluorosis
Health risks
Alkaline earth metals
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd.
Source: Sofuoğlu, S. C., and Kavcar, P. (2008). An exposure and risk assessment for fluoride and trace metals in black tea. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 158(2-3), 392-400. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.086
Abstract: Exposure and associated health risks for fluoride and trace metals in black tea were estimated. Fifty participants were randomly recruited to supply samples from the tea that they drink, and self-administer a questionnaire that inquired about personal characteristics and daily tea intake. Analyzed trace metals included aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, strontium, and zinc. Fluoride and four metals (Al, Cr, Mn, Ni) were detected in all samples while barium was detected only in one sample. The remaining metals were detected in >60% of the samples. Fluoride and aluminum levels in instant tea bag samples were greater than in loose tea samples (p < 0.05) while the differences in elemental concentrations of loose and pot bag tea samples were not significant. Median and 90th percentile daily tea intake rates were estimated as 0.35 and 1.1 l/day, respectively. Neither fluoride nor aluminum levels in black tea were found to associate with considerable risks of fluorosis and Alzheimer's disease, respectively. However, carcinogenic risk levels for arsenic were high; R > 1.0 × 10-6 even at the median level. According to sensitivity analysis, daily tea intake was the most influencing variable to the risk except for arsenic for which the concentration distribution was of more importance.
URI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.086
http://hdl.handle.net/11147/4595
ISSN: 0304-3894
0304-3894
Appears in Collections:Chemical Engineering / Kimya Mühendisliği
PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / PubMed Indexed Publications Collection
Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection
Sürdürülebilir Yeşil Kampüs Koleksiyonu / Sustainable Green Campus Collection
WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / WoS Indexed Publications Collection

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